In Montenegro, traditional orchards still prevail, especially in the continental part of the country.
Fruit growing is one of the most profitable branches of agriculture. Only modern and intensive fruit production can yield good results, high yields, and quality that can achieve satisfactory market placement.
The valuation of fruit orchards and vineyards is one of the most complex and responsible tasks in professional practice, requiring knowledge and years of experience.
The need for the valuation of fruit orchards and vineyards arises for various purposes:
- Financial reporting,
- Buying and selling,
- Inheritance,
- Expropriation,
- Land consolidation (arondacija) and
- Land reallotment (komasacija).
Valuation is also conducted in case of damage or destruction of individual trees, bushes, vines, or entire orchards due to adverse factors such as:
- Hail, wind, fire, flood, domestic animals, wildlife (rabbit, deer),
- Intentional damage or destruction of individual plants or entire orchards,
- Construction of streets, roads, railways,
- Construction of industrial facilities (factories, hydroelectric plants, airports) and social facilities (residential areas, schools, hospitals, kindergartens, stadiums, etc.).
Depending on the age of fruit trees and grapevines, the valuation method can be divided into three groups:
- Orchards and vineyards in the investment period (establishment and care of young plantations),
- Orchards and vineyards in full exploitation period,
- Orchards and vineyards that have passed the halfway point of the exploitation period.
Investment costs for establishing and caring for young fruit orchards and vineyards are much simpler and safer to estimate compared to assessing financial results in fully exploited orchards and those that have passed the halfway point of the exploitation period.